時(shí)態(tài)誤用辨析

1.中文：他在許多年前去過歐洲。

(誤)He had been to Europe many years ago.

(正)He went to Europe many years ago.(在上下文沒有同過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作相比較而表示過去的意思，不可用過去完成時(shí)，而要用一般過去時(shí)。)

2.中文：她穿著藍(lán)色上衣，看上去很可愛。

(誤)She was wearing a blue dress and was looking very pretty.

(正)She was wearing a blue dress and looked very pretty.(表示看上去的look是系動(dòng)詞，不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。)

3.中文：我去看他們的時(shí)候他們?cè)诔酝聿汀?/p>

(誤)They had supper when I went to see them.

(正)They were having supper when I went to see them.(他們?cè)诔酝聿褪窃谶^去我去看他們的時(shí)間某一點(diǎn)上正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。)

4.中文：她兩個(gè)月前去澳洲了，她許多年前到過那里。

(誤)She went to Australia two months ago. She has been there many years before.

(正)She went to Australia two months ago. She had been there many years before.(many years before是從過去的某時(shí)之前算起的，表示過去的過去，要和過去完成時(shí)連用。)

5.中文：他們問發(fā)生什么事了。

(誤)They asked what happened.

(正)They asked what had happened.(主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在它之前，用過去完成時(shí)。)

6.中文：從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開始時(shí)他就一直在那里工作。

(誤)He has worked there since the war has begun.

(正)He has worked there since the war began.(since引導(dǎo)的從句表示過去的某時(shí)間點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。)

7.中文：昨晚我寫了一封信，今晨寄出了。

(誤)I was writing a letter yesterday evening and posted it this morning.

(正)I wrote a letter yesterday evening and posted it this morning.(進(jìn)行時(shí)表示進(jìn)行，一般過去時(shí)表示完成，所以應(yīng)用 wrote。)

8.中文：他去年離開家我就一直沒有見過他。

(誤)He left home last year and I did not see him since.

(正)He left home last year and I haven’t seen him since.(since后面省去的是he left home last year，前面的句子要用完成時(shí)。)

---------By Bao Zhao