小編給各位初三考生整理了各學(xué)科的復(fù)習(xí)攻略，本文是初中英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)：動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)講解，幫助各位考生梳理知識脈絡(luò)，理清做題思路，希望各位考生可以在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績!
動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)漢語的時(shí)態(tài)大多是通過副詞來表達(dá)的，而英語的時(shí)態(tài)是靠動詞的變化和時(shí)間狀語來表達(dá)的。英語中的時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種，但是常考的或較常用的只有9種，而且重點(diǎn)測試完成時(shí)態(tài)。 要掌握英語的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，必須掌握好英語中的助動詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語這兩個核心問題。
1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn);表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語; 表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時(shí);常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 條件：if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考點(diǎn)三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +賓語從句， 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。
考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般將來時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表說話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動：或表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語氣。與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語或條件狀語從句中表示將來正在進(jìn)行的動作。Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don’t wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作(這時(shí)多有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語)。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
表示動作發(fā)生在過去，完成在過去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語：
考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段;since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來……”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞 +that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
