在高中階段，最讓人頭疼的語(yǔ)法，絕對(duì)要數(shù)的上非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞了，因?yàn)樗男问蕉鄻?，意義多樣，絕對(duì)讓人抓狂，而在高中聽說讀寫拔高的課堂中，我們?yōu)槭裁匆阉凶龆傥迥?
我們來看一下幾個(gè)句子：I love her.其中的love是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，做謂語(yǔ)。I made a mistake yesterday.其中made是一般過去時(shí)，做謂語(yǔ)。I have got home.其中的have got是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，做謂語(yǔ)。所以，我們得出一個(gè)結(jié)論，謂語(yǔ)就是符合正常時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。
我們?cè)賮砜戳硗鈳讉€(gè)句子：Swimming is great.其中的swimming是動(dòng)名詞，做主語(yǔ)。The man sitting next to me is my neighbor.其中的sitting是現(xiàn)在分詞，做定語(yǔ)。To see is to believe.其中的to believe是不定式，做表語(yǔ)。同理，我們也可以得出一個(gè)結(jié)論，不符合正常時(shí)態(tài)的就是非謂語(yǔ)。一般情況下，動(dòng)詞就是要作謂語(yǔ)，但是偏偏非謂語(yǔ)不做謂語(yǔ)，所以我們把它叫做動(dòng)詞中的二百五。
剖析一下，為什么我們學(xué)非謂語(yǔ)會(huì)一頭霧水?以“吃”字為例，變成英文，謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)有：eat, eats, ate, is eating, was eating, have eaten, had eaten和have been eating等。因此我們學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)，有一對(duì)多的感覺，變成非謂語(yǔ)后有：eating, eaten, having eaten ,to eat等，因此，又變成了多對(duì)多，我們更加崩潰。
其實(shí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之所以變得這樣人不人，鬼不鬼，完全是因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)追求簡(jiǎn)潔的目標(biāo)。很多非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都來源于原來的定語(yǔ)從句，狀語(yǔ)從句和并列句等，在的高中聽說讀寫拔高課堂上，我們會(huì)告訴學(xué)生的具體操作步驟如下：
1. 刪連詞及從主
2. 有be刪be，其余不變
3. 無be，動(dòng)詞改為doing
例如：
(1).Because he had seen the film before, he went out of the cinema.
刪掉連詞because和從句主語(yǔ)he，沒有be動(dòng)詞，因此，把had seen變成having seen.
Having seen the film before, he went out of the cinema.
(2). When our school is seen from the mountain, our school is beautiful.
刪掉連詞when和從句主語(yǔ)our school,接著刪掉be動(dòng)詞is，就成了
Seen from the mountain, our school is beautiful.
(3). The man who is driving the car is a green hand.
刪掉who和is，就成了
The man driving the car is a green hand.
在寫作中，我們也提倡大家多用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，例如
She is standing in front of windows.
She is with tears in eyes.
She is gazing at the distance.
可以變成
Standing in front of windows, she is gazing at the distance with tears in the eyes.
They were armed with new machine. They went into the cave and hoped to find the buried treasure.
可以變成：
Armed with new machine, they went into the cave hoping to find the buried treasure.
只要變成了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就能起到簡(jiǎn)潔且高級(jí)的作用。所以，雖然它有點(diǎn)二百五，我們還是要認(rèn)真學(xué)好哦。
教師簡(jiǎn)介：
陳志文：北京高中聽說讀寫拔高項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人，主講聽說讀寫拔高和語(yǔ)法，寫作單項(xiàng)。曾在兩所全國(guó)百?gòu)?qiáng)中學(xué)中任教，教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，對(duì)學(xué)員水平有深刻把握，相信只要有合適的方法和環(huán)境，每個(gè)學(xué)生都是可造之材。
