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首頁(yè) 教育 “It”的用法

“It”的用法

時(shí)間:2024-07-16 22:04:19 來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 作者:mrcsb 人氣:2508
【導(dǎo)讀】:1)指事物,人(不明性別或何人時(shí)),嬰孩、動(dòng)物(不提性別)或昆蟲(chóng)等。例:"Where is my watch, dear?"(我的手表在哪兒,親愛(ài)的?)"I saw it in your drawer last night."(昨晚我看到它在你的抽屜...

1)指事物,人(不明性別或何人時(shí)),嬰孩、動(dòng)物(不提性別)或昆蟲(chóng)等。

例:"Where is my watch, dear?"

(我的手表在哪兒,親愛(ài)的?)

"I saw it in your drawer last night."

(昨晚我看到它在你的抽屜里。)

例:"Who is it?"

(是誰(shuí)?──如敲門時(shí),不明對(duì)方的性別或何人。)

"It’s me, Peter."

(是我,彼得。)

例:Mrs. Huang had a baby last night.It weighs 4 kilos.

(黃太太昨夜生了一個(gè)嬰兒,體重達(dá)四公斤。)

例:What’s that?

(那是什么?)

It’s a silkworm.

(是蠶。)

(2)表達(dá)時(shí)間、日期、季節(jié)、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等。

例:"What time is it?"-"It’s five to twelve."

(幾點(diǎn)鐘了?──現(xiàn)在是十一點(diǎn)五十五分。)

例:"What’s the date?"-"It is the third of October."

(今天幾錄溉??──今天是十月三儒帲?br> 例:It is very hot in summer.

(夏天的天氣都是很熱。)

例:How far is it from here to the station?

(這里到車站有多遠(yuǎn)?)

例:I like it here very much.

(我很喜歡這里的環(huán)境。)

(3)表達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)

句型It +be…+that(who)…

例:It was Paul that (who) broke the window.

(=Paul broke the window.)

(打破了窗的人是保羅。)

解說(shuō) "It… that…"是表達(dá)強(qiáng)調(diào)的正常句式,但是若強(qiáng)調(diào)點(diǎn)是"人",則使用"It…who…"也很普通。本句式可用于一個(gè)句子中的任何強(qiáng)調(diào)點(diǎn),例如:

例:Peter met Helen and Bill at the theater yesterday.

→It was Peter who met Helen and Bill at the theater yesterday.

(昨天在戲院看到海倫和比爾的人是彼得。)

→It was Helen and Bill that Peter met at the theater yesterday.

(昨天彼得在戲院所遇見(jiàn)的人是海倫和比爾。)

→It was at the theater that Peter met Helen and Bill yesterday.

(昨天彼得遇見(jiàn)海倫和比爾的地點(diǎn)是戲院。)

→It was yesterday that Peter met Helen and Bill at the theater.

(彼得在戲院遇見(jiàn)海倫和比爾的時(shí)間是昨天。)

(4)形式主語(yǔ)

例:It is shameful the way he behaves himself before girls.

(他在女生面前的舉止真叫人臉紅。)

例:It is easy to find fault with others.

(批評(píng)別人是容易的。)

例:It is wrong for you to speak ill of her.

(你講她的壞話是不對(duì)的。)

例:It is a great convenience living / to live in a big city.

(住在大城市里事事都方便。)

例:It is surprising that she should have married a farmer.

(她居然和農(nóng)民結(jié)婚實(shí)在令人意想不到。)

解說(shuō) 上面各例句都可以把"It"所代表的實(shí)際主語(yǔ)移到句首來(lái),例如:

The way he behaves himself before girls is shameful.

To find fault with others is easy.

雖然如此,現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)仍以"I…"較普通。

(5)形式賓語(yǔ)

例:I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination.

(我認(rèn)為考試作弊是不對(duì)的。)

例:Don’t you find it a waste of time watching television too much?

(你不覺(jué)得電視看得太多是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間嗎?)

例:I thought it strange that Jack should have had so much money to spend these days.

(我覺(jué)得杰克近日來(lái)會(huì)有這么多的錢可花費(fèi)是一件奇怪的事。)

解說(shuō) 本句式都用于有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的不完全及物動(dòng)詞的句子,"it"代表著賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后的實(shí)際賓語(yǔ)(不定式、動(dòng)名詞、或that-clause)。本句式的實(shí)際賓語(yǔ)不可以移入"it"的位置而把"it"省略。??捎帽揪涫絹?lái)表達(dá)的不完全及物動(dòng)詞有:

find(發(fā)現(xiàn),覺(jué)得),think(想,覺(jué)得),believe(相信),consider(認(rèn)為),make,take,etc.

(6)"it"可以代表前述的短語(yǔ)或句子

例:Don’t let your children play with matches or lighters.It is dangerous.

(不要讓你的小孩們玩火柴或打火機(jī)。那是危險(xiǎn)的。)

例:"Jim can solve that puzzle."

(吉姆能解答那個(gè)謎題。)

"I don’t believe it."

(我不相信。)

(7)"it"常作非人稱動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)

例:It happened that I was there then.

(碰巧當(dāng)時(shí)我也在場(chǎng)。)

例:It appears that he’ll be elected.

(他像是會(huì)當(dāng)選的樣子。)

例:It occurred to me then that I had an appointment with her that evening.

(當(dāng)時(shí)我突然想起來(lái)我本來(lái)和她在當(dāng)天晚上有約會(huì)。)

文章標(biāo)簽:
    英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法,語(yǔ)法指導(dǎo),英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí),英語(yǔ)
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