虛擬語氣誤用辨析

1.中文：我要是你，我不會那么做。

(誤)I shouldn’t do that if I was you.

(正)I shouldn’t do that if I were you.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣不能用was，只能用were。)

2.中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會告訴我該做什么。

(誤)If my father were here now, he will tell me what to do.

(正)If my father were here now, he would tell me what to do.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的助動詞只能用would，might等過去時。)

3.中文：要是我知道她的電話號碼，我就會給她打電話了。

(誤)If I knew her telephone number, I would have called her.

(正)If I had known her telephone number, I would have called her.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時。)

4.中文：要是昨天沒下雨她也許會來。

(誤)If it had not rained yesterday, he might come.

(正)If it had not rained yesterday, he might have come.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的動詞要用助動詞的過去時might，could等+HAVE+過去分詞。)

5.中文：我不認(rèn)為我會失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會再努力。

(誤)I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed, I would try again.

(正)I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail, I would try again.(表示與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞用should加原形動詞。)

6.中文：他要是帶了錢就會買它。

(誤)Did he bring some money with him, he would have bought it.

(正)Had he brought some money with him, he would have bought it.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。)

7.中文：她要是個男人可能會當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。

(誤)Be she a man, she might be elected president.

(正)Were she a man, she might be elected president.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，不能用was，只能用were;若省略if，則將were放在句首。)

8.中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。

(誤)I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.

(正)I suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.(suggest當(dāng)建議講時，后面的名詞從句的主要動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。)

9.中文：他這么做是重要的。

(誤)It is important that he will do it.

(正)It is important that he do it.(It is important+that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句的動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。)